Lifestyle components associated with arterial hypertension among elderly people in the city of Ouagadougou

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Africa. Like other developing countries, Burkina Faso is facing the emergence of this condition. Our study aimed to identify the lifestyle factors associated with AH in elderly people in the city of Ouagadougou. This descriptive cross-sectional survey took place over an eight-week period in March and April 2022, and covered a sample of 340 people aged 60 and over. Data were collected using a questionnaire, a BR 9012-bathroom scale (Camry, China) with an accuracy of 0.1 kg, an electronic tensiometer (OMRON HEM-7120-AF CP, Tokyo, Japan), a tape measure, and a measuring rod. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 24.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The results indicated a 50% prevalence of arterial hypertension among the respondents. Principal component analysis showed that alcohol consumption and low physical activity were lifestyle factors associated with arterial hypertension in elderly people in Ouagadougou. Arterial hypertension is highly prevalent among the elderly in Ouagadougou. Strategies to prevent and better manage hypertension in this population group should focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle. These conclusions suggest prevention strategies based on nutritional education and the promotion of physical activity among these populations.