ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop a novel ternary nanocomposite composed of chitosan (CS), fluorine‐doped hydroxyapatite (FHA), and Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MNG), and to evaluate its structural and biological properties relative to a binary nanocomposite, emphasizing its potential for bone tissue engineering applications. The nanocomposites were synthesized via the co‐precipitation method. Characterization using FTIR, XRD, and TGA confirmed enhanced molecular interactions, improved phase crystallinity, and elevated thermal stability in the ternary material. Morphological analysis revealed a rough, interconnected porous structure favorable for cell attachment and nutrient diffusion. The incorporation of MNG improved the nanocomposite's capacity for water absorption and protein adsorption, while maintaining a controlled degradation profile. Antibacterial evaluation demonstrated improved resistance to microbial growth, and biomineralization tests in simulated body fluid indicated superior apatite‐forming ability. In vitro studies using MG‐63 osteoblastic cells confirmed excellent cytocompatibility, and hemocompatibility analysis supported the material's safe interaction with blood. These findings demonstrate that the CS‐FHA‐MNG nanocomposite offers a combination of excellent structural integrity and improved biological functionality, making it a promising material for bone tissue engineering applications.
Mushahid et al. (Fri,) studied this question.