Background and Aim: This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate the frequency of orthodontic treatments provided by pediatric dentists in Iran and identify the factors influencing their referral of patients to orthodontists. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire, previously developed and validated in similar studies, was administered electronically to 111 pediatric dentists in Iran. The questionnaire collected demographic data and information on orthodontic services provided, types of malocclusions treated, orthodontic treatment modalities used, methods of acquiring orthodontic treatment skills, appropriate strategies for teaching orthodontics, reasons for avoiding orthodontic treatment, and factors influencing patient referral. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used to analyze the collected data using SPSS software. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-squared tests. Results: Among the participating pediatric dentists, 65.8% offered orthodontic services, with a predominant use of removable orthodontic appliances. The most commonly treated malocclusions included space maintenance (89.2%), oral habits (75.5%), and anterior crossbite (69.4%). The most frequently used treatments were removable spring plates (75.5%) and expansion screw plates (67.6%). The majority of dentists (64%) acquired their orthodontic treatment skills through academic education. Improving the academic education system was identified as the preferred solution for enhancing orthodontic education (77.5%). Personal acquaintance with orthodontists was highlighted as a significant factor influencing patient referral. Conclusion: Approximately two-thirds of the surveyed pediatric dentists in Iran offered orthodontic services, primarily through the use of removable orthodontic appliances. It is crucial to develop training programs to enhance the knowledge and skills of pediatric dentists in orthodontic treatments.
Enshaei et al. (Mon,) studied this question.