Abstract This paper explores sustainable integration solutions for biomethane production and injection into Latvia’s natural gas network, addressing the increasing importance of renewable energy in achieving energy independence and climate neutrality. The research investigates Latvia’s biomethane potential, current infrastructure limitations, and feasible integration pathways, drawing comparisons with leading European practices. A multicriteria methodology combining technical, environmental, and economic analyses is employed to evaluate biogas upgrading technologies, grid connection strategies, and regional implementation scenarios. The study identifies membrane separation as a highly efficient biogas upgrading method and highlights centralized biomethane injection points as an optimal integration model, particularly suited for Latvia’s geographically dispersed biogas production sites. Results suggest that biomethane could replace up to 50 % of Latvia’s current natural gas consumption, provided that adequate policy support and infrastructure investment are in place. The study concludes with recommendations to strengthen regulatory frameworks, modernize gas infrastructure, and promote regional cooperation to support a scalable and sustainable transition to biomethane. These findings offer a strategic roadmap for Latvia’s energy sector, aligned with the European Green Deal and national climate targets.
Treimane et al. (Thu,) studied this question.
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