This research proposes a fractal monopole antenna that achieves multiband operation in satellite communication, indicating an effective design for miniaturization.
Multiband antennas have high value within the telecommunications field, including satellite applications. Among the different solutions proposed in the scientific literature, a lack of attention is reserved for fractal antennas, which represent a very appealing and simple option to obtain a multiband behavior. In this paper, a printed monopole, resulting from the combination of the Sierpinski gasket and the Von Koch snowflake fractals, is proposed. The antenna takes advantage of the two fractal geometries to achieve multiband operation and miniaturization, both desirable features in antennas for satellite applications. The proposed fractal monopole works in S-band (2.75–3.96 GHz), C-band (6.15–7.6 GHz), and X-band (11–11.15 GHz) for satellite communication, with a realized gain of 2.8, 4.02, and 3.75 dBi; a high efficiency (up to 97%); and a compact size (0.52λ0 × 0.3λ0 × 0.006λ0 at the lowest operating frequency).
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Muntoni et al. (2026) studied this question.
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