Natural Philosophy, the disciplined union of "Why" (principle) and "What/How" (mechanism), is not archaic; it is recoverable through premise-first inquiry. Unified metaphysics and sciences have long been split via logical positivism, but they can be reunited through a practical epistemic method: external "What"-oriented questioning guided by internal "Why." Thermodynamic Process Philosophy (TPP) formalizes this restored Natural Philosophy with quantitative, thermodynamically constrained rules. This paper demonstrates the method in action through historical case studies (Carnot-Kelvin, Newton-Leibniz), dissolves apparent paradigm incommensurability via thermodynamic grounding, and introduces TPP's Rules I-VII as explicit bookkeeping for bilateral refinement.
Aaron Thomas White (Sun,) studied this question.