What question did this study set out to answer?

This study investigates how the modified cardiometabolic index (MCMI) relates to self-reported asthma in the United States.

February 5, 2026Medicine1 citationsOpen Access

Association between the modified cardiometabolic index and asthma among participants in the United States: A cross-sectional NHANES analysis

YFYuan FangWuhan University MWMan WangWuhan Children's Hospital YLYuehu LiuWuhan Children's Hospital

Key Points

This study investigates how the modified cardiometabolic index (MCMI) relates to self-reported asthma in the United States.
Utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Included participants who self-reported asthma and had MCMI scores.
Employed multivariate logistic regression to analyze the relationship between MCMI and asthma odds.
Conducted sensitivity analyses to validate the findings.
Among 16,111 participants, 2,137 (13.3%) reported asthma.
Found a positive correlation between MCMI and self-reported asthma odds (OR = 1.17).
Adjusted odds ratios for higher MCMI quartiles indicated a significant association, particularly for Q4 (OR = 1.30).
Confirmed robust relationships through sensitivity and subgroup analyses.

Abstract

The modified cardiometabolic index (MCMI) integrates key cardiometabolic factors that drive airway inflammation in asthma through abnormal adipokine secretion, lipid disorders, and impaired glucose metabolism. This study aimed to explore the association between the MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma in the United States. This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which includes demographic, laboratory, health, and comorbidity information. Participants who self-reported asthma and had MCMI scores were included in the study. We employed multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses to examine the relationship between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. Four models were adjusted to account for potential confounders, providing deeper insights into the independent associations between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. Sensitivity analyses were performed to validate the robustness of these associations. Among 16,111 participants (mean age: 50.1 ± 17.9 years), 2137 (13.3%) reported asthma. Univariate analysis showed a positive correlation between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11–1.24, P < .001). This relationship remained significant after adjusting for several variables. Compared to the Q1 MCMI group, adjusted odds ratios for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.83–1.08, P = .439), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.87–1.13, P = .920), and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.14–1.47, P < .001) in model 1, respectively. Moreover, curve fitting analysis revealed a significant linear correlation between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma. The results of the sensitivity, subgroup, and stratified analyses were robust, confirming the stability and reliability of the observed associations. A modest positive association exists between MCMI and the odds of self-reported asthma in the United States. Further research is required to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications.

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