Assessing Capability Complexity Using Enterprise Architecture Framework

This study proposes a structured and quantitative methodology to evaluate the holistic complexity of system‐of‐systems (SoSs), employing the Zachman Architecture Framework (ZAF) as its foundational analytical tool. A five‐phase analytical procedure is developed and empirically validated, encompassing: (1) refinement of complexity measures, (2) weightings assignment, (3) quantification of overall complexity, (4) integration of stakeholder viewpoints, and (5) model validation. Each stage of the methodology is designed to equip operational analysts, strategists, and policymakers with a rigorous, repeatable, and adaptable analytical framework. The proposed framework facilitates a deeper and more systematic understanding of the multidimensional complexity inherent within SoS architectures, producing precise and actionable assessment outputs. These assessments are vital for supporting informed decision‐making processes—particularly those related to the evolution of SoS architectures through the addition of new assets or the decommissioning of legacy components—thereby enabling stakeholders to navigate complex system interactions with greater clarity, precision, and confidence.