ABSTRACT Aim This project aims to systematically review and synthesise the data found in the literature regarding the survival of implants, complications, and gain in bone height using the hydraulic pressure technique to elevate the maxillary sinus floor. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane, covering studies from 2005 to July 2024. A total of 24 studies were included, comprising randomised control trials, cohort studies, and case series. The main outcomes evaluated were implant survival, complication rates, and endo‐sinus bone gain. Results The review included 3053 implants placed in 2290 Sinuses of 2231 patients. The patients' ages ranged from 23 to 84, with a mean of 51.6 years. The included studies reported a pooled implant survival rate of 98.40% over follow‐up periods ranging from 6 months to 8 years. The rate of sinus membrane perforation was relatively low (2.05%), and other complications, such as hematoma, sinusitis, nasal discharge, or oedema, occurred in 0.49% of cases. The average endo‐sinus bone gain achieved using this technique was 6.72 mm. Conclusion The hydraulic pressure technique for sinus floor elevation is one of the many proposed solutions to provide predictable, safe, and efficient sinus floor elevation. The results from this review provide some cause for optimism, with high survival rates, low complication rates, and adequate gain in bone height. There is still a need for further long‐term, high‐quality research by independent third parties to confirm the effectiveness and safety of this technique. Clinical Relevance There is limited information available for the hydraulic pressure technique for sinus floor elevation. It has only been briefly mentioned in a limited number of literary reviews, none of which quantify the available data. This study presents the first systematic review of the hydraulic pressure technique, synthesising the available data and suggesting that the hydraulic pressure technique demonstrates high success and safety. Prospero This review is registered in PROSPERO under ID: 1070614.
Hughes et al. (Mon,) studied this question.