Classroom discipline experiences and Black youth student–teacher relationships and classroom engagement.

Key Points

• The research aims to explore how disciplinary practices affect Black youth's classroom engagement and their relationships with teachers.
• Examined disciplinary practices for defiance in educational settings
• Analyzed the experiences of Black students in relation to engagement
• Focused on teacher-student relationship dynamics
• Discipline for defiance significantly impacts Black students' engagement levels.
• Stronger teacher-student relationships can mitigate negative effects of disciplinary practices.