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February 5, 2026Virology Journal0 citationsOpen Access

Prediction of recent HIV-1 infections using Shannon entropy analysis of HIV-1 group-specific antigen protein sequence

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TFTumelo L FortuinPNPaballo NkoneSLShayne Loubser

Key Points

  • To evaluate a Gag-based molecular strategy for detecting recent HIV-1 infections using entropy analysis.
  • Utilized Shannon entropy analysis of HIV-1 group-specific antigen protein sequences.
  • Focused on Gag sequences to identify recent infections.
  • Assessed the performance of the detection method and its limitations.
  • Showed potential for detecting recent HIV-1 infections with Gag-based strategy.
  • Highlighted challenges due to high false rejection rate (FRR).
  • Emphasized need for further studies to enhance detection performance.

Abstract

Our data show that a Gag-based molecular strategy can be used to detect recent HIV-1 infections where Gag sequences are available. However, the results would have to be interpreted with caution due to an association with a high FRR. Further studies are needed to develop a molecular-based strategy with better performance for detection of recent HIV-1 infections.

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Cite This Study

Fortuin et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698434f9f1d9ada3c1fb3cd8https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-026-03080-x
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