This paper introduces the Vortex Framework (VF), a unified hydrodynamic model of the universe that treats the vacuum as a superfluid. By defining the speed of light (c) as the maximum velocity of a phonon vibration within this medium, the framework provides a mechanical solution to wave-particle duality and the Hubble Tension. The VF suggests that the observed 10% abatement in the universe's expansion is a result of angular momentum conservation within a universal vortex.
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Smith et al. (2026) studied this question.
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