Driven by the “dual carbon” goals, metallurgical regenerative heating furnaces face the need for efficient and low-carbon transformation. This paper conducts numerical simulations of the combustion process using an ammonia burner, based on a three-dimensional model and chemical kinetics mechanisms, to investigate the effects of excess air coefficient ( α ), baffle angle, and air preheating temperature on combustion characteristics and carbon emissions. The results indicate that the core reaction of ammonia combustion is dominated by the interaction between NH 2 and NO. When α = 1.15, NO x and NH 3 emissions (ppm, volume fraction, dry basis) are at their lowest, balancing energy utilization and pollution control. A baffle angle of 45° optimizes gas flow mixing efficiency, and when combined with α = 1.2, combustion stability is at its best. When the air preheating temperature is between 973 K and 1073 K, the concentration of pollutants (ppm, volume fraction, dry basis) in the combustion products is significantly reduced. This study provides data support for optimizing low-carbon processes in ammonia-based heat storage combustion for metallurgical heating furnaces.
Geng et al. (Wed,) studied this question.