This paper empirically investigates the impact of green banking on the financial performance of commercial Tunisian banks using data for the period 2010–2023. On the one hand, the results show a negative impact of green banking on bank profitability, as online banking incurs its own expenses. On the other hand, we find out that the effect of online applications and services on the bank performance differs by the distribution quantiles of the financial profitability. Hence, this paper contributes to the literature by attempting to discern the difference between traditional services and online ones, in terms of bank profitability.
Hamza et al. (2025) studied this question.