Mapping and characterization of the Cheffia watershed reservoir lake using remote sensing data (Northeast of Algeria)

This research focuses on the use of remote sensing tools and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with the help of two software programs, ArcGIS 10.6 and ENVI 5.3, to map and analyze the Cheffia Dam Lake using the NDVI index. The methodology is based on the use of satellite images to identify and characterize various land cover classes, such as water, bare soil, and vegetation. The results reveal significant fluctuations in the lake reservoir area over the years, with an expansion observed between 1994 and 2004, followed by a gradual reduction until 2024. This dynamic is mainly explained by climatic factors, such as droughts and variations in precipitation, as well as anthropogenic factors, including increased water demand for human activities and agricultural practices. Monitoring and analyzing surface water in the study area provides crucial information for decision-makers. These data can help optimize water resource management, improve land-use planning, and make informed decisions regarding the use and allocation of water resources. Additionally, these tools allow for anticipating water scarcity risks and developing adaptation strategies aimed at preserving water resource availability in the face of growing environmental and human pressures.