A Scoping Review of Menstrual Disorder Prevalence and Management in Adolescent Girls with Perinatally Acquired HIV in Harare, Zimbabwe

Adolescent girls living with perinatally acquired HIV (PAH) face distinct health challenges during puberty. Menstrual disorders are a frequent concern, which may be influenced by chronic infection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the psychosocial context of living with HIV from birth. Data on the prevalence and management of these disorders in specific settings such as Harare, Zimbabwe, are needed to inform care. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesise existing literature on the prevalence and clinical management of menstrual disorders among adolescent girls with PAH in Harare, Zimbabwe. Its objectives were to identify key concepts, evidence gaps, and patterns in care provision for this population. A scoping review was conducted following established methodological frameworks. A systematic search was performed across relevant electronic databases. Grey literature sources were also consulted. Included materials were studies, reports, and programme documents focusing on menstrual health in adolescent girls with PAH in Harare. Data were charted and analysed thematically. The available evidence was limited but informative. A key finding was a high reported prevalence of menstrual irregularities, with oligomenorrhoea being frequently documented. Management approaches were predominantly biomedical, focusing on hormonal regulation and ART optimisation. There was limited integration of psychosocial or educational support. A significant evidence gap regarding long-term gynaecological outcomes for this population was identified. Menstrual disorders appear common among adolescent girls with PAH in this setting, but the evidence base is sparse. Current management is largely clinical and may not address holistic needs. The review highlights the necessity for more comprehensive, longitudinal research to inform tailored health services. Future research should employ robust epidemiological designs to accurately determine prevalence and aetiology. Programmes should develop and evaluate integrated management protocols that combine biomedical, psychosocial, and educational support. Healthcare provider training in adolescent-friendly, comprehensive menstrual health management is required. perinatally acquired HIV, adolescent girls, menstrual disorders, prevalence, management, Zimbabwe, scoping review This review consolidates the current evidence on menstrual health in a vulnerable population, identifying a sparse evidence base and a predominantly biomedical management approach. It calls for more holistic research and integrated care to guide policy and clinical practice in similar settings.