Advances in high sensitivity, resolution, and rapidity have accelerated the application of laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) to biomedical analysis. This review outlines the recent matrix materials of LDI MS and a comprehensive overview of application in biomedical analysis fields. The review also emphasizes the synthesis methods, analytical mechanisms, and diverse applications of various matrix materials, including organic molecules, carbon-based materials, silicon-based materials, metal particles and oxides, as well as organic frameworks. In the review we summarize the value of LDI MS information in modern biomedical applications such as small molecules detection, biological macromolecules analysis and microbial identification. Finally, it discusses the current challenges in LDI MS-based biomedical analysis and proposes perspectives for further research in this field. It is anticipated that LDI MS will assume a more pivotal role in biomedicine and make substantial contributions to human health.
Zhu et al. (2026) studied this question.