Case report highlights immune-related adverse events in a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient receiving combination therapy, suggesting the need for vigilance.
To report a case of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient who developed multisystem immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) after treatment with sintilimab (PD‐1 inhibitor) in combination with thymosin alpha‐1 (Tα1). The patient presents with high fever, rash, interstitial pulmonary edema, and multiple organ failure. By analyzing the course of treatment and regression, the risks and management strategies of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with immunomodulators are discussed in the light of the literature. This highlights the need for clinical vigilance against possible immune overactivation triggered by combination therapy.
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Li et al. (2026) studied this question.
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