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February 11, 2026International Journal of Molecular Sciences0 citationsOpen Access

Molecular Characterization of Gyrovirus Galga 1 in Poultry Markets of Guangxi, China

Molecular Characterization of Emerging Gyrovirus galga 1 from Poultry Markets of Guangxi, China

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Population

3482 samples from live poultry markets, including 2693 chicken throat and cloacal swabs and 789…

Design

Cross-sectional

Key result

Gyrovirus galga 1 was detected with a positivity rate of 17.08% in chicken swab samples and 13.31% in environmental samples from live poultry markets in Guangxi, China.

Authors

YZYanfang ZhangZXZhixun XieZXZhiqin Xie

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Overview

May support market surveillance; leaves open questions on transmission, pathogenicity, and control needs.

Key Points

  • The aim is to assess the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Gyrovirus galga 1 in Guangxi's poultry markets.
  • Collected 3482 samples from live poultry markets in Guangxi from 2019 to 2024.
  • Assayed chicken throat and cloacal swabs, along with environmental samples, using PCR.
  • Selected 8 GyG1-positive samples for whole-genome amplification and amino acid analysis.
  • Constructed a phylogenetic tree using 8 GyG1 genomes and 36 reference sequences.
  • GyG1 positivity rates were 17.08% in chicken samples and 13.31% in environmental samples.
  • The homology of GyG1 genomes ranged from 96.8% to 99.8% when compared to reference sequences.
  • Phylogenetic analysis classified the samples into group A2, as part of three distinct groups.
  • Two recombination events linked to the emergence of the Guangxi strain were identified.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=3,482)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

P
Population
3482 samples from live poultry markets, including 2693 chicken throat and cloacal swabs and 789 environmental samples collected in Guangxi, China from December 2019 to December 2024
O
Outcome
Prevalence and molecular characteristics (whole-genome amplification, phylogenetic analysis, recombination analysis) of Gyrovirus galga 1 (GyG1)

The study clarifies the prevalence and genetic diversity of Gyrovirus galga 1 in live poultry markets in Guangxi, China, providing data to support infection control and public health safety.

Main Result

Effect estimate: Positivity rate 16.23% overall

Limitations

  • No internal reference gene used during DNA amplification which may affect accuracy of quantification.
  • Sequenced samples were randomly selected and mostly collected approximately five years before analysis, limiting insights into current transmission dynamics.
  • Lack of vaccine monitoring data to clarify potential introduction of GyG1 via vaccines.
  • Environmental contamination and transmission mechanisms require further study.
  • Functional impacts of identified amino acid substitutions remain speculative and require validation in future research.

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2026) conducted an observational in Poultry from live poultry markets (LPMs) in Guangxi, China (n=3,482). Gyrovirus galga 1 was detected with a positivity rate of 17.08% in chicken swab samples and 13.31% in environmental samples from live poultry markets in Guangxi, China.

synapsesocial.com/papers/698c1ca1267fb587c655f37dhttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27041674
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