Broad-Spectrum Anti-Infective Activity of Natural Compounds Pyrrolomycins, Marinopyrroles, and Their Analogs

Pyrrolomycins and marinopyrroles are natural products originally derived from Streptomyces spp. that possess potent anti-infective activity against a variety of organisms, including drug-resistant bacteria and eukaryotic pathogens, especially pertinent amid the search for additional antimicrobial agents. These highly halogenated compounds have been proposed to act as protonophores, an uncommon mechanism of action that likely contributes to their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. To improve efficacy and overcome limitations to clinical transition, promising derivatives of these natural compounds have been synthesized, introducing structural refinements that enhance pharmacological properties while preserving potent anti-infective activity. Recent discoveries demonstrate the potential of pyrrolomycins and marinopyrroles derivatives to serve as broad-spectrum anti-infective agents with efficacy against drug-resistant bacteria, bacterial biofilms, parasitic infections, and some viruses.