What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to develop a quantifiable model for time response in the Layer Theory of Spacetime that can be experimentally tested.

February 17, 2026Open Access

Time response in the Layer Theory of Spacetime: a constrained potential-coupling sector, atomic-clock bounds, and phase-domain falsification targets for driven experiments

Key Points

This research aims to develop a quantifiable model for time response in the Layer Theory of Spacetime that can be experimentally tested.
Constructed a time-response sector without introducing new particles or forces.
Mapped weak-field potential changes to variations of dimensionless parameters using a universal response scale.
Extended the model to driven environments using a one-pole transfer function and universal phase lag template.
Developed a phase-domain falsification protocol for experimental application.
Determined a 95% upper-envelope bound on the response scale |ε0| using optical-clock constraints.
Introduced a universal phase lag template for testing in driven experiments.
Established compatibility of the protocol with existing testing methods, such as frequency-domain torsion-balance pipelines.

Abstract

We construct a minimal, quantitative, and explicitly falsifiable time-response sectorfor the Layer Theory of Spacetime (LTS) without introducing new particles, newforces, or additional mediating fields. In Tier I, weak-field potential changes aremapped to fractional variations of dimensionless parameters through a universalresponse scale ε0 and bounded LTS channel weights AX. Normalizing Aα ≡1 makes ε0 = c2dlnα/dΦ directly comparable to published optical-clockconstraints, yielding a conservative two-sided 95% upper-envelope bound on |ε0|.In Tier II, a single relaxation time τLTS extends Tier I to driven environments,implying a one-pole transfer function and a universal phase lag template ϕ(ω) =−arctan(ωτLTS). The novelty is the constrained LTS budgeting encoded inbounded AX together with a universal phase-template falsification target fordriven tests.We provide an experiment-facing phase-domain falsification protocol compatiblewith frequency-domain torsion-balance pipelines, including null-drive tests andmulti-frequency consistency checks.

Mark Helpful

Bookmark

Relay

View Full Paper