Key result
Boron-doped diamond microsensor links doxorubicin kinetics to QT prolongation and cardiotoxicity in rats.
Why the study?
In vivo real-time detection of systemically administered drug pharmacokinetics in microenvironments can advance pharmacology and clinical medicine.
A novel boron-doped diamond microsensor successfully monitored real-time dermal pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin and correlated it with QT-interval prolongation in a rat model, offering a prototype for wearable drug monitoring.
May inform wearable doxorubicin sensors; hypothesis-generating in rats, human validation needed.
In vivo real-time detection of pharmacokinetics of systemically administrated drugs in microenvironments advance pharmacology and clinical medicine. Here, we describe an analytical platform targeting dermal interstitial fluid with a needle-type microsensor of a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. A test analyte was doxorubicin, an anticancer drug that induces acute cardiotoxicity. Upon intravenous bolus injection of doxorubicin to anesthetized rats, a BDD microsensor inserted into the dermis unexpectedly detected two sequential phases of the concentration change: a first component elicited in several minutes with fast kinetics and a sharp peak, and a subsequent second response maximized from 15 min to 1 h with slow kinetics. Furthermore, the BDD microsensing system was combined with electrocardiography, visualizing a relationship between doxorubicin's behavior in the skin and induction of QT-interval prolongation. Our approach may clarify detailed local pharmacokinetics and its correlation with pharmacodynamics and provide a prototype wearable device for next-generation drug monitoring.
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Ahmad et al. (2026) studied this question. A boron-doped diamond microsensor detected two distinct phases of doxorubicin in rat skin correlating with QT-interval prolongation on ECG, linking drug kinetics to cardiotoxicity.
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