Abstract This review presents a comprehensive overview of key phenomenological opportunities at the future Electron–Ion Collider (EIC), synthesizing discussions and collaborative research efforts developed within the Korean EIC community and the EIC ϕ collaboration. We explore a diverse range of physics topics central to the EIC scientific program, including the multidimensional tomography of nucleon and nuclear structure, precision Quantum Chromodynamics studies through jet physics and event-shape observables, heavy quarkonium production as a probe of partonic dynamics, and the spectroscopy of exotic hadrons. Furthermore, we discuss the transformative potential of emerging technologies—specifically Machine Learning and Quantum Computing—as essential tools for addressing the computational challenges and maximizing the scientific discovery potential of the EIC era.
Chung et al. (Tue,) studied this question.