Electromagnetic Compatibility Performance Of A Carbon Fiber-Based Thermal Pad For Industrial And Wearable Textile Applications

Carbon fiber-based heating elements are increasingly utilized in industrial and wearable textile applications due to their flexibility, lightweight structure, and uniform heat distribution. In such applications, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and user safety are critical performance criteria, particularly for products operating in close contact with the human body. In this study, a carbon fiber-based heating pad integrated into a textile-compatible structure was developed and experimentally evaluated in terms of radiated electromagnetic emissions and electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity. Radiated emission measurements were conducted in accordance with EN IEC 55014-1 over the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1000 MHz. ESD immunity was assessed using contact and air discharge methods under positive and negative polarity conditions. The results demonstrate that the developed heating pad meets the relevant EMC requirements, with emission levels remaining below regulatory limits and no permanent performance degradation observed during ESD testing. These findings confirm the suitability of carbon fiber-based heating pads for industrial and wearable textile systems.