Digitalization as an Impulse for the Emergence of New Subjects

Simultaneously with the process of digitalization, the active use of new information technologies in almost all areas, and the complication of relationships, structures previously unknown to law began to appear, in relation to which it is difficult to determine what they are, what their legal status is. The poorly controlled introduction of new digital technologies is one of the main reasons for the emergence of new subjects and objects in information law. Another, no less important reason for this phenomenon is a sharp increase in the level of threats to the information security of the state, society, and the individual, and, as one of the consequences, the formation of a new status for certain groups of already existing subjects in order to ensure information security, counter threats, and endow them with new rights and obligations. The current legislation lags behind in addressing emerging problems, in the timely inclusion of new entities into the legal framework, and in determining their status. The purpose of this article is to ascertain, based on the conducted analysis, the reasons for the appearance of new entities, the features of their legal status, and possible alternatives for solving information security problems. In preparing the article, general scientific and special methods of cognition were used, such as analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparison, analogy, abstraction, systemic and functional approaches, comparative method, and the method of modeling. It is concluded that there is currently no systematic solution to the problems under consideration, and the legal regulation in this area is spot‑on. In addition, it is shown that, for the most part, the structures under consideration are not subjects: their owners are subjects. The article examines the legal status of such entities as the organizer of information dissemination on the Internet, blogger, hosting provider, search engine operator, artificial intelligence, digital profile, etc.