MoC-Incorporated MoS ₂ Nanosheets on Delignified Wood Carbon for Durable and pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution at Industrial Current Densities

It is highly attractive but challenging for simultaneously achieving hydrazine degradation and hydrogen production via renewable-energy-driven electrocatalysis. Here, we report an innovative catalyst composed of MoC-incorporated MoS2 nanosheets grown on hierarchically porous delignified wood carbon (MoC/MoS2@DWC). In situ Raman characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the MoC/MoS2 heterointerface induces lattice strain and phase transformation, which collectively lower the hydrogen adsorption free energy (ΔGH*) and accelerate the water dissociation kinetics. Consequently, the optimized MoC/MoS2@DWC catalyst exhibits competitive overpotentials of 345 mV (1.0 M KOH) and 425 mV (0.5 M H2SO4) at 1000 mA cm–2 for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Moreover, it demonstrates exceptional long-term durability, maintaining pH-universal HER activity over 1000 h at 500 mA cm–2 and 300 h at 1000 mA cm–2, respectively. Further, a two-electrode overall hydrazine splitting (OHzS) electrolyzer based on MoC/MoS2@DWC achieves an ultralow cell voltage of 102 mV at 10 mA cm–2 and sustains a stable operation over 100 h with negligible voltage attenuation. This synergistic design of interfacial engineering coupled with a self-supporting electrode architecture provides an effective strategy to enhance electrocatalytic activity and stability, enabling simultaneous energy-saving hydrogen production and pollutants removal.