Grid-forming operation practice simulation of Zhoushan VSC-HVDC project

As China's first five-terminal VSC-HVDC demonstration project, the Zhoushan VSC-HVDC system faces stability challenges under complex operating conditions in grid-forming mode. This paper proposes an efficient electromagnetic transient simulation method based on multi-core parallel computing, with a core innovation in integrating topology auto-modeling and wide-frequency decoupling strategies into a coordinated partitioning framework. First, an automated modeling approach for wind farm clusters is achieved through a combined PSCAD-Python interface. Second, an equivalent short-line decoupling strategy is developed by combining long-line traveling wave decoupling theory and power electronic device characteristics, establishing a coordinated partitioning scheme for wind farms and the VSC-HVDC system. Further, a distributed computing framework based on node balancing is designed to refine parallel partitioning granularity to the feeder level, forming a multi-core optimization architecture to reduce model complexity. Finally, a simulation model is built using Zhoushan project parameters, and comparative serial/parallel experiments validate the method's effectiveness. Results show that the proposed method significantly improves large-scale electromagnetic transient simulation efficiency while accurately reproducing system dynamic responses, providing a systematic solution for real-time simulation of grid-forming VSC-HVDC projects.