The influences of electromagnetic energy caused by the cellular device in a human head based on the dual-delay model

This study involved the development of a mathematical model to simulate the structure of a head human, encompassing three layers: skin, bone, and brain. The model was designed to apply to individuals of different age groups, including both children and adults. The study utilized the concept of delay times to assess the internal thermal response occurring in the human head due to chemical processes. The governing equations were formulated within the framework of a dual phase-lag model (DPL). By applying Laplace transforms and employing a numerical approximation approach, the inverse solutions were obtained. The study focused on the effect of electromagnetic waves emitted by cellular device on the human head. The variations of temperature within the head were calculated and analysed considering different parameters such as energy density, power transmission frequency, and different heat conduction models. Notably, the power waves density and power transmission frequency due to the electromagnetic wave have significant impacts on the temperature increments and the thermal damages quantity passing through the three studied layers of both adult’s and child’s heads. Moreover, the differences between the three studied heat conduction are major. The comparative evaluation among Pennes, SPL, and DPL models is presented.