Anatomical variants of left subclavian and vertebral arteries affect surgical planning, suggesting tailored strategies to improve outcomes.
Anatomical variants of the LSA and VAs are common and clinically important. Accurate preoperative identification using advanced imaging is essential to optimize surgical and endovascular planning, reduce procedural complications, and ensure adequate organ perfusion. Tailored strategies should be adopted when managing patients with these vascular anomalies to improve outcomes and procedural safety.
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Eleshra et al. (2026) studied this question.
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