Perspective discusses causal claims in transport policy, highlighting the importance of accurate identification.
Transport policy asks causal questions, yet much transport research answers them with associative designs and then uses causal language. This Perspective (i) distinguishes causal, associational, and descriptive claims, (ii) offers a compact set of norms and a checklist for aligning claims with identification, and (iii) illustrates these ideas with examples drawn from pricing, operations, access, network evolution, and evaluation.
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David M. Levinson (2026) studied this question.
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