Marrying Self-Restoration with Exceptional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding in a PVP/SA Constructed Dual-Cross-Linked Hydrogel

With the rapid advancement of 5G communication and electronic technologies, electromagnetic interference issues have become increasingly severe, making the development of efficient, flexible, and self-healing electromagnetic shielding materials an urgent necessity. This study innovatively prepared a PVP/SA/CaCO3/rGO (PSCG) dual-network hydrogel via biomimetic mineralization. Utilizing rGO as a conductive filler and CaCO3 as a cross-linking agent, this material constructs a unique dual-cross-linked structure. At a thickness of 2 mm, it achieves an electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 43 dB, surpassing most hydrogels. The PSCG hydrogel exhibits excellent electromagnetic shielding performance within a skin depth of 4 mm. It simultaneously exhibits the ability to self-repair conductivity and structural integrity within 3 s, along with excellent thermal insulation performance that maintains internal temperatures below 80 °C even at 400 °C. This significantly outperforms traditional metal-based materials and recently reported similar hydrogels, providing a high-performance solution for protecting electronic devices in extreme environments.