Observational Constraints on the Dynamics of Bianchi Type-I Cosmology with a Massive Scalar Meson Field

In this paper, we investigate the cosmological evolution of the Bianchi type-I model in the presence of a massive scalar meson field. To obtain exact solutions of the Einstein field equations, we applied the fourth-order Runge−Kutta numerical method with suitable initial conditions consistent with current cosmological observations. We evaluate the massive scalar field and various cosmological parameters, including the energy density, equation-of-state (EoS) parameter, skewness parameter, pressure, jerk parameter, and energy conditions and examine their physical behavior through graphical analysis. The Hubble function [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] denotes the present value of the Hubble constant, has also been analyzed within our model. Furthermore, we constrain the free parameter [Formula: see text] of the proposed model using 46 observational Hubble parameter data points (OHD) and estimate the present age of the universe.