Measurement and Analysis of Vertical Temperature Profiles of the Atmosphere over the Yenisei River and the Urbanized Area of Krasnoyarsk

Vertical temperature profiles were measured from 2022 to 2024 using two meteorological instruments installed in urban areas and on an island in the Yenisei River. The analysis is based on calculation of the temperature difference (ΔT = Tabove_land – Tabove_river) at different altitudes. The key result is the seasonal dependence of the vertical distribution of quantity ΔT. In winter, ΔT is statistically significantly negative in the surface layer (0–50 m), while it is positive above 100 m. In summer, an opposite scenario is observed: positive ΔT values at the surface are changed by negative values in the 150–1000 m layer. A general regularity is the sign change of ΔT at altitudes of up to 200 m, indicating a combination of two, as yet unidentified, factors.