Aligning Medium Term Revenue Strategy with Public Finance Management Reforms: Pathways to Sustainable Domestic Revenue Growth in Fragile States—The Case of South Sudan

This study explores the critical intersection between the Medium-Term Revenue Strategy (MTRS) and Public Finance Management (PFM) reforms as strategic pathways to achieving sustainable domestic revenue growth in fragile states, with a particular focus on South Sudan. Recognizing the country's vulnerability due to over-reliance on oil revenues, institutional fragility, and periodic instability, the research employs a mixed-methods approach. Primary data were gathered through structured interviews and surveys involving government officials, tax authorities, and business leaders, while secondary data were obtained from policy documents, international financial institution reports, and contemporary academic literature. The analysis identifies persistent challenges, including limited administrative capacity, political volatility, and public trust deficits that hinder effective revenue mobilization and management. At the same time, the study highlights opportunities for progress through greater institutional coordination, adoption of digital technologies, and inclusive stakeholder engagement. The findings underscore that integrating MTRS with robust PFM reforms—emphasizing transparency, accountability, and tax base expansion—is essential for reducing South Sudan's dependence on oil and external aid. Ultimately, the paper offers actionable policy recommendations tailored to fragile contexts, aiming to support fiscal resilience, improved governance, and inclusive economic growth.