Structural Regulation of Galactic Dynamics: Emergent BTFR Slopes and Acceleration Scales from Disk Equilibrium

This manuscript presents a Newtonian-based structural framework for the Baryonic Tully–Fisher Relation (BTFR), proposing that the observed slope, intrinsic scatter floor, and characteristic acceleration scale may emerge from disk self-regulation under centrifugal equilibrium and empirical size–mass scaling. The work is consistent with major low-redshift datasets (SPARC, MaNGA, MIGHTEE-HI, WALLABY) and structurally compatible with recent JWST photometric results, while high-redshift kinematic tests remain pending. Explicit falsification criteria are outlined for upcoming surveys (2026–2030).