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The aim is to summarize recent insights into cor triatriatum, a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.

February 23, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Cor Triatriatum: A Rare Congenital Cardiac Anomaly—Current Concepts in Diagnosis and Management

JAJyothsna Goranti¹*, Vishak Prakash¹, Sachin Sapkota¹, Vaishnavi Sabesan¹, Sindhu Rajendiran², Mehran Abolbashari³

Key Points

The aim is to summarize recent insights into cor triatriatum, a rare congenital cardiac anomaly.
Review of diagnostic approaches including transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac CT, and MRI.
Discussion of treatment options including surgical excision and minimally invasive interventions.
Analysis of anatomical and clinical variations in presentation.
Cor triatriatum can present asymptomatically or lead to severe outcomes like heart failure and pulmonary edema.
Echocardiographic techniques are crucial for diagnosis, with CT and MRI providing additional details.
Management strategies have evolved to include less invasive approaches alongside traditional surgical methods.

Abstract

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac malformation characterized by the presence of a fibromuscular membrane that divides the atrium into two chambers, interfering with normal cardiac blood flow. This anomaly is classified into cor triatriatum sinister, affecting the left atrium, and cor triatriatum dexter, affecting the right atrium. The clinical presentation varies widely, ranging from asymptomatic cases to severe manifestations such as pulmonary edema, heart failure, and death. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography are the primary diagnostic modalities, while cardiac computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging provide additional anatomical detail in complex cases. Surgical excision of the membrane remains the definitive treatment, although minimally invasive and catheter-based interventions are emerging as alternative options in selected patients, particularly adults. This review summarizes the etiology, anatomical variations, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, prognosis, and management strategies of cor triatriatum, with emphasis on recent advances in imaging and treatment.

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