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February 24, 2026Open Access

Audiovisual Modulation of Traffic Noise Effects on Psychological Restoration in Expressway-Adjacent Residential Environments: A Virtual Reality Study

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Authors

TJTongfei JinZZZhoutao ZhangYSYuhan Shao

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Overview

This virtual reality study examines how visual greenery and natural sounds promote stress recovery in residential environments near expressways, indicating significant implications for urban planning.

Key Points

  • This study aims to explore how audiovisual interactions, specifically visual greenery and auditory masking, influence psychological restoration from traffic noise.
  • Conducted a 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment with 100 participants
  • Manipulated Green View Index (high vs. low) and soundscape (traffic noise vs. traffic noise plus birdsong)
  • Measured restorative outcomes using self-reported measures and continuous physiological monitoring (HRV and EDA)
  • High visual greenery and birdsong significantly enhanced psychological restoration.
  • Audiovisual perception fully mediated the link between environmental features and restorative outcomes.
  • Distinct restoration patterns were observed, revealing immediate effects of natural sounds and the necessity of visual reinforcement for deeper physiological recovery.

Cite This Study

Jin et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/699d4028de8e28729cf65461https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings16040873
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