Population
Patients without structural heart disease
Authors
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Should not change chronotropic incompetence management; hypothesis-generating for sympathetic signaling defects, needs prospective validation.
Chronotropic incompetence in patients without structural heart disease appears to be driven by impaired translation of sympathetic activation into heart rate increases, suggesting potential post-synaptic beta-adrenergic receptor pathway issues.
Kawasaki et al. (2010) studied this question.
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