Key result
Non-white ethnicity is linked to ~36% higher heart failure mortality vs. white ethnicity.
Why the study?
Does non-white ethnicity worsen mortality in patients with heart failure and comorbid atrial fibrillation compared to white patients?
Population
16,713 patients with heart failure from 12 randomized placebo-controlled trials.
Comparison
Non-white ethnicity (observational exposure) vs White ethnicity
Design
Meta-analysis, Included trials were randomized, Included trials were…
Follow-up
median 1.4 years (interquartile range 0.8-2.3)
Authors
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Non-white patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction have significantly higher mortality than white patients, a disparity that is substantially worsened by the presence of comorbid atrial fibrillation.
Meta-Analysis (n=16,713)
Yes
Does non-white ethnicity worsen mortality in patients with heart failure and comorbid atrial fibrillation compared to white patients?
Hazard Ratio: 1.36 (95% CI 1.2–1.54)
Absolute Event Rate: 21% vs 15%
p-value: p=<.001
Non-white patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction have significantly higher mortality than white patients, a disparity that is substantially worsened by the presence of comorbid atrial fibrillation.
Fox et al. (2026) conducted a meta-analysis in Heart failure (n=16,713). Non-white ethnicity vs. White ethnicity was evaluated on all-cause mortality (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20-1.54, p=<.001). Non-white ethnicity was associated with higher all-cause mortality than white ethnicity in heart failure (HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.20-1.54; P<.001), worsened by comorbid atrial fibrillation.
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