Diversity and phylogeny of yeasts in various habitats of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, with descriptions of one new family, five new genera and eighteen new species

Fig. S1. A. Global map indicating the geographical locations of the Ny-Ålesund region (Svalbard Archipelago, Arctic) and the Fildes region (King George Island, Antarctica). B–D. Detailed maps of the Ny-Ålesund region, Svalbard Archipelago (Arctic). E–G. Detailed maps of the Fildes region, King George Island (Antarctica). Fig. S2. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genera Pseudotremella, Genolevuria, and Pricozyma. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.05 substitutions per nucleotide position. Fig. S3. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genus Dioszegia. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.03 substitutions per nucleotide position. Fig. S4. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genera Phaeotremella and Xiangyanghongia. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.05 substitutions per nucleotide position. Fig. S5. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genus Piskurozyma. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.05 substitutions per nucleotide position. Fig. S6. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genera Chioneozyma, Fellozyma, Glaciozyma, Skadia, and Xuelongia. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.05 substitutions per nucleotide position. Fig. S7. Phylogenetic tree inferred using the combined sequences of LSU rDNA D1/D2 domains and ITS region (including 5.8S rDNA), showing the phylogenetic positions of new taxa (in bold) within genus Yunzhangia. The tree was constructed using maximum likelihood analysis, and bootstrap values over 50 % from 1000 replicates are shown. Scale bar: 0.04 substitutions per nucleotide position. Table S1. Yeast species described as novel taxa isolated from Antarctica and the Arctic in previous studies. Table S2. Primers used for amplification and sequencing in this study. Table S3. Information on species, strains, and GenBank accession numbers used in the seven-gene phylogenetic analyses of Tremellomycetes (Agaricomycotina) in this study. Table S4. Information on species, strains, and GenBank accession numbers used in the seven-gene phylogenetic analyses of Microbotryomycetes (Pucciniomycotina) in this study. Table S5. Information on species, strains, GenBank accession numbers, and sources used in the two-gene phylogenetic analyses of Tremellomycetes (Agaricomycotina) in this study. Table S6. Information on species, strains, GenBank accession numbers, and sources used in the two-gene phylogeneticanalyses of Microbotryomycetes (Pucciniomycotina) in this study.