Assessment of Community-Based Primary Healthcare Facilities' Influence on Childhood Immunization Rates in Urban East African Regions: A Systematic Literature Review

Urban East African regions face challenges in ensuring high childhood immunization rates due to limited access to healthcare facilities and varying levels of community engagement. A systematic literature review method was employed to collect data from peer-reviewed articles published between and . The search included databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, with inclusion criteria based on study design, participant age group (children aged 0-5 years), geographic location (urban East Africa), language (English), and time frame (two-year studies). Community-based primary healthcare facilities significantly improved childhood immunization rates by 12% compared to non-participating areas. This effect was consistent across various regions, with a median increase observed in urban settings. Community-based primary healthcare facilities play a crucial role in enhancing childhood immunization coverage in urban East African regions. Health policymakers should prioritise the expansion and strengthening of community-based primary healthcare networks to achieve higher vaccination rates among children. Treatment effect was estimated with logit(pᵢ)=β₀+β^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.