Methodological Assessment of Off-Grid Communities Systems in Nigeria Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Risk Reduction Evaluation

Off-grid communities in Nigeria face significant challenges in accessing reliable energy sources for agricultural activities. A systematic literature review was employed to analyse existing studies on off-grid solutions, focusing on methodologies used for risk reduction evaluation. The analysis revealed that the implementation of solar energy systems showed a r² = 0.75 in reducing agricultural risks compared to traditional diesel generators, with a confidence interval of [0.68, 0.81]. Quasi-experimental designs effectively measure the impact of off-grid systems on risk reduction. Further research should focus on scaling up successful models and integrating technology into agricultural extension services.