Beaufort, M. (2025). Different Notions of Democracy as Determinants of Participation Behaviour and Media Use

Ongoing social transformations are reshaping both the understanding and practice of democracy, fostering alternative models that complement liberal-representative systems by emphasizing inclusive and autonomous participation. These developments redefine the role of news media and information providers by expanding expectations toward empowerment, connectivity, and sustained civic engagement. To systematically capture these shifts, this article builds on a heuristic stage model that operationalizes democratic theory for empirical analysis. The model structures, differentiates, and evaluates democratic information performance across normative, supply, and demand dimensions. It enables a theory-driven assessment of information content beyond conventional journalistic standards, examining its alignment with evolving democratic principles and its responsiveness to increasingly diverse and digitally networked publics. This is a peer-reviewed full paper accepted for the 75th Annual Conference of the International Communication Association (ICA), 2025.