Preserved balance in a patient with congenital absence of two semicircular canals: a case report

Background The semicircular canals are crucial components of the vestibular system, responsible for detecting angular head movements and maintaining balance. Their absence or malformation typically leads to significant vestibular dysfunction. Case presentation We present a rare case of a 17-year-old male with congenital absence of two semicircular canals, yet without any balance issues. He initially presented with complaints of intermittent decreased hearing. A computed tomography (CT) scan, performed to assess candidacy for ossiculoplasty, unexpectedly revealed absent semicircular canals. Despite this, the patient displayed no vestibular dysfunction. Conclusion This case highlights the remarkable adaptability of the vestibular system and raises questions about potential compensatory mechanisms.