Rhodococcus Lung Abscess in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Case Report from Malaysia

Export Rhodococcus is a rare cause of lung abscess in HIV-positive patients. We report a case of a 35-year-old male with a history of HIV, noncompliant with antiretroviral therapy, presenting with fever, cough, and dyspnea. Chest imaging revealed a cavitary lesion in the right lower lobe, and sputum culture grew Rhodococcus equi. The patient was treated with a combination of antibiotics, resulting in a complete resolution of the abscess. This case highlights the importance of considering Rhodococcus as a potential cause of lung abscesses in HIV-positive patients, especially those who are noncompliant with antiretroviral therapy.