Gender Correlation with Sociodemographic and Clinical, Laboratory Characteristics of Children with Steroid Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome

Export Objective: Nephrotic syndrome is a disorder of the kidneys that results from increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. The aim of the study was to study the sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics correlation with gender of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Nephrology Consultation Clinic, in Al-Immamain Al-Kadhmain Medical City, and the Central Child Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, starting from January 1, 2022 till November 31, 2022. In this study, 60 patients were included and diagnosed as cases of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Results: The total number was 60 patients (47 males and 13 females) with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. The mean age of the males at the time of the study (8.33±3.54 years) and that of the females (6.85±1.73 years) with a p-value of statistically significant 0.042. No gender statistical difference was detected between residency and socioeconomic status. The majority of the patients (42 males, 89.4% and 11 females, 84.6%) were responding to steroid therapy in less than 2 weeks, accordingly the difference between males and females was statistically not significant. The result was statistically not significant for asthma, urinary tract infection, and respiratory tract infection between both genders. The result was not statistically significant between males and females for body weight, height, and blood pressure. The median of serum IgE levels for males was 258 and for the females 145, with a significant difference (P-value 0.023). Conclusions: Younger age at presentation and higher serum IgE levels were statistically different between males’ and females’ children with nephrotic syndrome. Otherwise, no gender difference was detected comparing clinical and other laboratory characteristics.