Nanozyme-Based Anti-Inflammatory Strategies in Cardiovascular Disease Management: Clinical Prospects and Challenges

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Research indicates that inflammatory responses and oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) are hallmark pathological mechanisms of CVD. Traditional anti-inflammatory drugs, though widely used, have limitations such as lack of targeting, low systemic delivery efficiency, and significant side effects. Nanozymes are a class of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity, and their breakthrough applications offer new directions for the prevention and treatment of CVD. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, nanozymes demonstrate unique advantages: they can achieve local targeted delivery and ROS scavenging, and can also regulate the inflammatory microenvironment through multi-mechanism interventions. However, despite their promising applications, nanozymes still face challenges such as optimizing catalytic selectivity, improving biological targeting efficiency, and verifying long-term safety. This article will review the mechanisms of action of nanozymes in inflammation regulation and summarize their applications in cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: nanozyme, inflammation, reactive oxygen species, cardiovascular, target delivery