Temperature Dependence of Some Transport Properties of Inorganic Electrolyte Solutions, Ionic Liquids, and Dielectric Properties of the Solvent

To describe the influence of temperature and electrolyte concentration on the specific electrical conductivity (κ) of solutions, it is proposed to use its effective activation energy (E), which decreases with increasing temperature. The decrease in E with rising temperature, in accordance with the Litovitz equation, occurs proportionally to the square of the inverse absolute temperature (1/T²). In dilute aqueous solutions of inorganic salts and in solutions of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in water, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide, the specific electrical conductivity increases in direct proportion to the ratio of the static dielectric constant (ε) to the dipole dielectric relaxation time (τ) of the solvent, ε/τ, i.e., the limiting high-frequency conductivity of the solvent (κ), where κ = εε/τ.