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February 28, 2026SHILAP Revista de lepidopterologíaOpen Access

Non‐Stationary Relationship Between Northeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation

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Authors

JCJiajie ChenJSJian ShiYZYingying Zhao

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Overview

Investigates the non-stationary linkage between sea surface temperatures and ENSO, indicating critical climate implications.

Key Points

  • To explore the changing relationship between Northeast Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies and ENSO over time.
  • Utilized correlation decomposition to analyze relationships between SSTAs and ENSO.
  • Employed linear inverse modeling to assess the influence of SSTANEP on ENSO dynamics.
  • Examined data from 1961 to 2022 to identify shifts in the relationship.
  • Before 1980, SSTANEP had minimal impact on ENSO evolution.
  • From 1981 to 2000, SSTANEP notably influenced ENSO development via the North Pacific Meridional Mode.
  • After 2000, the relationship between SSTANEP and ENSO weakened, highlighting its complexity.

Cite This Study

Chen et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69a286eb0a974eb0d3c02415https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl118325
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