This study examines urbanization and informal settlements as significant challenges to social welfare in Egyptian cities. A comparative study approach was employed using secondary data sources including government reports, academic journals, and NGO publications from to . Data analysis focused on quantitative indicators of social welfare coverage and qualitative insights into service provision in urban areas. The findings indicate a significant disparity (46%) in the distribution of subsidized food vouchers between formal and informal settlements, with lower-income families disproportionately affected by this gap. Informal settlements face persistent challenges in accessing social welfare services despite government efforts. Enhanced integration of these areas into urban planning and policy frameworks is recommended to improve service delivery and equity. Recommendations include reallocating more resources towards informal settlement development, improving data collection on these areas, and enhancing public-private partnerships for service provision.
Rahman et al. (Sun,) studied this question.